Orchard performance and fruit quality of 50 apple cultivars grown or tested in commercial orchards of the Czech Republic
Blazek, J.,Vyzkumny a Slechtitelsky Ustav Ovocnarsky, Holovousy (Czech Republic) | Hlusickova, I.,Vyzkumny a Slechtitelsky Ustav Ovocnarsky, Holovousy (Czech Republic)
Tree vigour, occurrence of mildew and scab, yields, yield efficiency, fruit weight, flesh firmness and soluble solids content of apple trees on M 9 rootstock were monitored between 1998-2005 in 42 commercial orchards situated in all the major growing regions of the Czech Republic. Altogether 50 cultivars were included into the evaluation. The characteristics of newly bred or newly introduced cultivars were compared with the cultivars of standard assortment such as Gloster, Golden Delicious, Idared, Jonagold, Melrose, Rubin and Sampion. The group of late ripening cultivars imported from France (Baujade, Early Smith, Granny Smith and Red Winter) proved to be unsuitable for Czech climatic conditions. Cultivars of the Rubin group (Bohemia, Gold Bohemia) showed a better quality of fruits than the cultivars of the Jonagold group, but were significantly inferior regarding yields and yield efficiency. The cultivars Rucla, Pinova and Rubinstep seemed to be potential competitors of Jonagold or Rubin; their fruit quality is similar to Rubin, and their yield efficiency is comparable to that of Jonagold. Topaz, which is resistant to scab and has recently spread in the Czech Republic, is specific for its early yield and a very good productivity observed in a majority of the orchards. In addition, characteristics of other evaluated cultivars and their potential prospects for growing in the Czech Republic are briefly discussed.
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