Determination of Azadirachtin content of neem seed samples of different region in Iran to select plus trees for mass propagation including taxonomic studies
In this study,effect of annual rainfall(mm),soil type,100 seed weight,kernal to seed ratio and age of trees on Azadirachtin content were considered on neem trees growing in Hormozgan,Sistan-Balochestan and Kish free zone in order to select plus trees with high content of azadirachtin .The Azadirachtin content varied from 0.1 to 1.3 % on kernal dry weight basis .The variation in other parameters like 100 seed weight and kernal to seed ratio was also high among samples,but relatively lower than the variation of Azadirachtin .None of the factors like soil type,rainfall,tree age had direct influence on the Azadirachtin percent kernals .Seeds from Hormozgan trees at the same location showed 10 fold and in Sistan trees 5 fold variation in the Azadirachtin content .The data revealed that Azadirachtin content of neem in different region of Iran could be a genetically controlled trait . Two trees in manabeatabie (Bandar abass) region of Hormozgan with 1.3 and 1.2 % Azadirachtin content known as pluss trees. Also,five other neem trees in Hormozgan and four trees in Sistan with 0.35–0.55% Azadirachtin content known as the trees with high amount of Azadirachtin.Selection of pluss trees and production of sampling from them through vegetative propagation might help in establishing seed orchards or clonal plantation for producing quality seed with high Azadirachtin content for the biopesticide industry .
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