Investigation On Anatomical Structure Of Yew Cuttings Rooting And Reasons Of Their Hard And Late Rooting

The yew (Taxus baccata) stand of Iran is one of the oldest yew forests in the world. It grows separately at different altitude levels of the Caspian forests. One of the most important natural stand of yew is located at Zarrin-Goul valley in Ali-Abad Katool, Gorgan, Golestan province. The cuttings were collected from two different sites: First from the Zarrin-Goul valley and the second from Dorfac forest of Gilan province. Cutting collection at the first site was at October and December, whereas at the second site was only made at October. The cuttings were cut from: a) annual sprouts and branches with trigger originated from young trees less than eight year old, b) annual branches with trigger, originated from old-age trees and c) annual branches without trigger. Supporting materials for potting soil were: 1-Pure sand, 2-sand+moisture+IBA Hormone (1000 ppm),. 3- Mixture of forest soil, and 4- normal potting soil. Gorgan cuttings B and C placed in 5 potting treatments consist 1 to 4 were as previous case and treatment 5 including of: sand+Hormone IBA (1000ppm). Shooting of Gilan supplied in 5 potting treatments exactly the same as previous trails and cultivated via 3 kinds of cutting groups ( A, B and C). Potted cuttings irritated by piping water for 9 months and accounted each month. Those held in green house with 35â—¦C in day and 15â—¦C at night in Autumn and Winter and in hot season held in open place. Statistical analysis was randomized block design that was significant between all treatments. According to achieved results, permanent moisture potted soil with IBA was the best treatment and had more rotting percent. Rooting in some hardwood species like yew are very hard and it may happen in special conditions. Results in this research showed that callus produced at the base of cutting in the particular conditions is positive signal for rooting. Anatomical studies showed that all cuttings with callus formed would be able to produce root after taking time.