Investigation of possibility of obtaining hexaploid saffron forms through treatment of plants by colchicine.
2007
Aqayef, Yusof | Fathi, Mohammad | Shakib, Ali Mohammad
Saffron (Cracus sativus L.) is a triploid plant and sterile which dos not produce seed and is propagated vegetatively by corm. The transition of triploid saffron to a hexaploid level could help resolving this problem. For this purpose saffron plants and some of its wild close relative species were treated with different concentrations of different chemicals such as colchicine, oryzalin, APM, trifluralin and propyzamide. MS medium was used for improvement of chemicals solution. Totally 9481 plants were treated with the above chemicals. The treated plants showed morphological changes such as leaf shape and color, floral organs alterations in stamens and stigmas. For study the ploidy level changes in these plants samples were tested by flow cytometer. The results showed that all treated plants were triploid. Only one chimeric case (heteroploidy) was observed in which the cells of 3x and 6x were existed. These observed changes need to be considered at next generations to verify their stability. Study on apical meristem of treated and untreated (control) plants at the end of vegetative growth during which the corm seems to be at dormancy showed that there are triploid and hexaploid cells. In wild species ploidy level alterations were observed in two cases however they produced small corms in the end of season with no growing vigor. These results show that obtaining hexaploid saffron is possible.
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