Management of offshore fisheries by means of individual transferable oil quota (ITOQ)
2007
Yamakawa, T.(Tokyo Univ. (Japan))
Institutional problems in the Japanese fisheries management system to support offshore fisheries are discussed. It is pointed out that (1) limitation in the total number of boats by tonnage in the fisheries permission system is a rigid way to manipulate the total fishing effort and leads to 'irrational' fishing, (2) the present Japanese TAC system which incorporates voluntary management by fishermen's organizations has a fundamental impediment that there are large discrepancies between the entire fishery capacity and the abundance level of decreased stocks, so it doesn't necessarily function effectively, (3) the limitation system in the total number of boats by tonnage should be deregulated or abolished in order to allow managers more freedom to implement more flexible strategies on fishing boat systems. In order to solve these problems, introduction of an alternative management system based on individual transferable oil quota (ITOQ) is proposed. It is suggested that (1) there is a possibility that the entire fishery capacity can be flexibly adjusted to achieve rational management of fisheries, (2) it can improve the energy conservation and operation efficiency and can drive the fishery toward a higher level of economic rationality, (3) freedom to design fishing boat systems will be improved through deregulation or abolition of the tonnage limitation, which can be effective for improving the global competitiveness of the fishery, (4) it can fully utilize the advantage of the fishing effort management system as an input management, (5) there is a possibility that an elaborate, voluntary management by fishermen's organizations can be promoted by the combination with the Japanese TAC and TAE systems.
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