DNA fingerprinting and genetic distance estimation among native cattle ecotypes by random primers
2006
Suprabha, P., Kerala Agricultural Univ., Kerala (India). College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Centre for Advanced Studies in Animal Genetics and Breeding | Anilkumar, K., Kerala Agricultural Univ., Kerala (India). College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Centre for Advanced Studies in Animal Genetics and Breeding
The present study investigated genetic distance among indigenous dwarf cattle groups of Kerala using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The technique was first optimized for consistency and reproducibility and later applied for calculating genetic diversity among native cattle ecotypes. These native animals are having unique characters with good environmental adaptability to meet future challenges. RAPD-PCR amplification was performed on pooled as well as individual DNA samples. Twenty six random primers were screened on pooled DNA, and individual DNA testing was done on 10 selected primers. The genetic profile data of individuals were statistically analysed by POPGENE version1.32 software. Allele frequencies for 80 amplified loci were computed and 67 polymorphic markers and 13 monomorphic loci were detected. The percentage of polymorphic loci was found 83.75. Genetic distance between ecotypes was calculated using the Nei's (1978) method from allele frequency data. The results indicate that Highrange dwarf and Vatakara ecotypes are moderately closer (0.45) which was explained as a consequence of inheritance of Bos taurus genes through crossbreeding programmes. It was also observed that the Vechur cattle and Highrange dwarf cattle are distant (0.799), most probably owing to geographical isolation of the Highrange dwarf group. A dendrogram was constructed based on this data by unweighted pair group (UPGMA) method. No distinct clustering was noticed in the ecotypes investigated. The genetic relationship 186 observed for the dwarf cattle ecotypes in Kerala was in agreement with regard to their history and geographic origin.
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