Crop quality variability of potato tubers subject to varying agrotechnical factors
2004
Turska, E.,Akademia Podlaska, Siedlce (Poland). Katedra Ogolnej Uprawy Roli i Roslin
The experiment was set up in the arrangement of split-block-split-plot and in four repetitions. The four factors were analysed, i.e. the number of crossings (P1-2, P2-5, P3-8), the cultivars (Irga, Ekra), row-spacing(R1-62 cm, R2-82 cm, R3-102 cm), nitrogen fertilization N1-60 kg/ha, N2-90 kg/ha). The aim of the research was to determine changes in the directions of tuber quality of chosen potato cultivars grown under varying soil compaction, varying row-spacing and with a two-level nitrogen fertilization. Special attention was paid to the starch content, elements of the crop structure, and skin diseases occurring on tubers. The analysis of the results revealed that the application of a wider row-spacing caused the increase in an average tuber weight, a grater proportion of big tubers and the increase in the starch content. Additionally, a negative influence of the crossings number increase on the proportional occurrence of big tubers (crop fragmentation) was observed. Significantly the highest starch content was found in the plots with the mean number of crossings (P2-5). It was also found that a higher nitrogen fertilization level was the reason for the significantly higher average tuber weight and for the increase in the proportion of big tubers in the yield. The features of the cultivar itself seemed to be a significant factor. Regardless of other agrotechnical factors and weather conditions, Irga cultivar had a significantly higher average tubers weight and a greater occurrence of very big tubers (over 60 mm) and big ones (50-60 mm), while Ekra cultivar had a higher starch content in its tubers and a lower infection of the tubers by Rhizoctonia solani (a greater number of healthy tubers)
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