Morphological characterization and agronomic evaluation of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) germplasm in Ghana
2006
Ofori, K. (University of Ghana, Legon, Accra (Ghana). Department of Crop Science) | Kumaga, F.K. | Tonyigah, A.
Seventy accessions of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) conserved in Ghana but originally collected from Botswana, Ghana, Madagascar, Nigeria and Zimbabwe were characterized and evaluated at the University of Ghana, Legon. Nine qualitative variables were scored for characterization, while evaluation involved 12 quantitatively variable characters. Principal component analysis revealed that seed testa colour, seed eye pattern, primary leaf colour and terminal leaflet shape accounted for a large proportion of the observed morphological variability. Cluster analysis based on the qualitative traits revealed little association among accessions from same country. Considerable variability was present for number of leaves per plant, base spread, canopy width and petiole length, all of which are related to growth habit. Other characters with high variability were shell thickness, shelling percentage and seed weight. The present results identify useful genetic markers for the crop and also potential characteristics that could be changed through selection among accessions
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