The problems of natural and induced immunity in plants
2007
Pukhalskij, V.A. | Odintsova, T.I. | Izvekova, L.I. | Andreeva, Eh.N. | Korostyleva, T.V. | Istomina, E.A. | Slavokhotova, A.A. | Shiyan, A.N. | Kozlovskaya, G.V. | Obolenkova, L.A. | Badaeva, E.D. | Bilinskaya, E.N., Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). The N.I. Vavilov Inst. of Common Geneticist
The review focuses on the results of our studies on natural and induced immunity in plants. In tomato plants carrying the Tm genes, specific proteins induced upon TMV infection were identified, which may be used as resistance markers during breeding. The presence of the tolerance and resistance genes in tomato plants positively affects the transcription of chloroplast genes during viral infection. The data on chromosome substitutions during incongruent hybridization in wheat resulting in the production of plants resistant to brown rust and powdery mildew are presented. By RAPD analysis a polymorphic DNA fragment associated with brown rust resistance, was revealed and used for the synthesis of the SCAR-primer. The data on amino acid sequences of 13 novel defensins from Triticum kiharae seeds and their antimicrobial properties are presented. The induced immunity in plants was studied by analyzing plant response to immunization with antiviral vaccines developed in the laboratory: TMV V-69 and VIROG-43 (CGMMV strain). Molecular-genetic characterization of these vaccines was performed. The research on the use of genetic engineering for the enhancement of antiviral immunity in plants is also described.
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