Trends and achievements in industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) breeding
2007
Finta-Korpelova, Z., Fleischmann Rudolf Agricultural Research Institute, Kompolt (Hungary) | Berenji, J., Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia)
Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a dioecious species with clear sexual dimorphism, but monoecious as well as transitional (intersex) phenotypes also exist. In hemp breeding methods for cross-pollinated crops are applied. The most frequently used breeding methods are individual selection, mass selection, Ohio-method, combination breeding, backcross method and breeding of hybrid cultivars based on the phenomenon of unisexuality. Among spontaneous mutations used in hemp breeding the monoecious types as well as the yellow stemmed hemp can be mentioned. Bredeman method is very efficient hemp and the application of market assisted selection in hemp. Significant achievements were obtained for stalk yield, fiber content, cannabinoids profile and oil content in fiber hemp, oil hemp, duel-purpose hemp, drug hemp, medicinal hemp, and ornamental hemp breeding.
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