Quality of employment of the rural population
2008
Malamova, N., Institute of Agricultural Economics, Sofia (Bulgaria)
The application of CAP and COM of the EU, as well as the increased migration of young and qualified manpower pose a number of challenges to the labour market in the rural regions related to the quality of employment. On the labour market in the rural regions the following necessities come to the fore: increased productivity of labour, rational utilization of manpower, increase of the incomes from labour and increase of the suitability for employment of the long-term unemployed, the ethnical minorities, the young and the aged employed, diminishing the share of grey economy in the area of labour relations. The present article presents an attempt for adaptation of the EU methodology for evaluation of the employment of the rural population in Bulgaria. Three indicators have been included which account for the sector structure of employment of the rural population, the peculiarities of investing labour in agriculture and the way in which the income of the owners of family farms is formed. These indicators are: - Changes in the structure of the employed in rural households by the size of the total net annual income per employee (one AWU in agriculture); - changes in the AWU (annual work units) / persons engaged in agriculture ratio; - gross value added per one AWU in agriculture. The analysis of the quality of employment of the rural population revealed: - stagnated income structure (within a one-year period, 20042005, 53% of the village inhabitants preserved their low income status, 40% stabilized their incomes in the frame of medium and high income groups and about 7% deteriorated their status); - high and steady hidden unemployment of people engaged in agriculture (in 2001 46% and in 2005 45% of the reported employment); - high share of long-term unemployed in the unemployment structure in the villages (above 50%); - productivity of labour in agriculture equal to 14% of that in EU-15 and respectively to 25% of that in EU ЕС-25.
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