Improved in vitro rooting of Prunus dulcis Mill. cultivars
Tereso, S.,IBET/ITQB, Oeiras (Portugal). Forest Biotech Lab. | Miguel, C.M.,IBET/ITQB, Oeiras (Portugal). Forest Biotech Lab. | Mascarenhas, M.,IBET/ITQB, Oeiras (Portugal). EGP Lab. | Roque, A.,Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal). Faculdade de Ciencias | Trindade, H.,Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal). Faculdade de Ciencias | Maroco, J.,ISPA, Lisboa (Portugal). Grupo de Estatistica e Matematica | Oliveira, M.M.,IBET/ITQB, Oeiras (Portugal). Forest Biotech Lab.
A highly reproducible system was developed for efficient rooting of cultivars Boa Casta (BC) and Peneda and a BC seedling-derived clone (BC VII) of Prunus dulcis. Twenty-four accessions derived from the clone BC VII and subjected to various in vitro culture treatments were screened. The long induction pre-treatment (LIP, 5 d), the brief induction pre-treatment (BIP, 16 h) and the hormonal shock by short dipping in hormone solution (1 min) were tested. BIP was the only that allowed rooting of cultivars. In BC VII, it induced high rooting frequencies (47-100%) when using a solution of 0.4 mM indole-3-butyric acid solidified with 2 g/cubic dm gellam gum for 16-h. The response to the auxin type was variable depending on the cultivar and the root induction pre-treatment used. Root number was significantly different between the two cultivars and BC VII. Root length was significantly higher when using 0.005 mM IBA in LIP but this concentration induced apical necrosis. The improved acclimatization procedure for up to 4 weeks increased the survival to 45%. The initiation and development of adventitious roots were proved to be asynchronous.
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