Analysis of natural regeneration in declining spruce forests on the Slovak part of the Beskydy Mts.
2009
Kulla, L.,Narodne Lesnicke Centrum, Zvolen (Slovak Republic). Lesnicky Vyskumny Ustav | Merganic, J.,Ceska Zemedelska Univ., Prague (Czech Republic) | Marusak, R.,Ceska Zemedelska Univ., Prague (Czech Republic)
This paper deals with regeneration processes in unnatural spruce forest ecosystems in the Beskydy Mts. (North-Western Slovakia) declining due to the so called new type of spruce decline. On 510 sample plots along the transects allocated across the most affected areas, site-related, stand-related data and data about natural regeneration were collected in years 2007-2008. Relations between coverage and vitality of regeneration and main ecological factors were analyzed using multidimensional statistical methods. Results show that declining spruce forests are able regenerate spontaneously, but rather by small-scale dynamics in the gaps and under canopy. When intensive damage and larger new-formed clearings occurred, some unfavorable tendencies in regeneration were indicated. Norway spruce continues to have the highest proportion in regeneration, followed by European beech that expands to a much higher occurrence and coverage than it has in mature stands, Silver fir is present in a lower frequency, but as a steady admixture. The main factors controlling regeneration in general are stand age, canopy closure and the presence of tree species in a mature stand; the influence of other factors seems to be less important and differs between tree species according to their ecological demands.
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