Determination of competitive ability of wheat against volunteer rye (Secale cereale) using reciprocal yield model
2006
Atri, Alireza | Baghestani, Mohammad Ali | Qasemi, Mohammad
In order to study the competition effects by using reciprocal yield model of wheat against volunteer rye, an experiment was conducted at Research Center of Karaj and Varamin during 2001 and 2002 years. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 24 treatments and 4 replications. The competition design was bivariate factorial. The treatments included the pure stands of wheat at four-plant density 350, 450, 550 and 650 plant/m2 and volunteer rye at 10, 30, 50 and 60 plant/m2 and mixed stands of two plants at complete factorial densities. The results at the first year of experiment at Varamin indicated that the number of spike per square meter, grain and biologic yield, harvest Index, number of grain per spike and weight of 1000 seed were decreased by increasing rye densities. The results of evaluation of mixed wheat and rye flour on bread making demonstrated that with increasing rye flour some characteristics such as total protein, falling number and percentage of water uptake by flour will be improved and some characteristic such as wet and dry glutenin percentage will be reduced. Results indicated that the rye was a stronger competitor compared to wheat under water stress. With increasing precipitation, competitive ability of wheat increased against volunteer rye. The biologic and economic yields of wheat were mainly affected by interspecific competition in Karaj region. There was the same results at the first year of experiment in Varamin region, but at the second year due to increasing precipitation the biologic and economic yields of wheat were equally affected by inter and intra specific competition. Economic yield was more affected compared to biologic yield by rye densities. Evaluation of competitive ability, using regression coefficient showed that in Karaj, the effect of each rye plant on reciprocal grain yield of wheat at first and second years were equivalent to 3 and 2 plants of wheat, respectively and in Varamin were equivalent to 3 and 1.2 plants of wheat, respectively. In other words, each 0.36 and 0.51 plants of rye in Karaj and each 0.33 and 0.84 plants of rye in Varamin had an equivalent effect of one wheat on reciprocal economic yields at first and second years, respectively
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