Investigation of spiders fauna in cotton fild and determination of effectiveness one on cotton pests in Gholestan, Ardebil(Moghan), Khorasan, Tehran and Fars provinces
2007
Qavami, Sahra | Taqi Zadeh, Mas`oud | Amin, Qolam A`li | Karimiyan, Zakariyya | Hoseyni, Mehdi | Beyrami,
Spiders are belonging to the kingdom of animals, phylum of Arthropoda, order of Arachnida and class of Araneae. This group of animals has a devise kind of feeding and is able act as a biological agent of insect pests in agro ecosystems such as cotton crops (Zhao et al, 1981). In present project spiders fauna in cotton major fields, ie. Ardebil, Khorasan, Fars, Golestan and Tehran provinces has been explored and dominant species witch is capable to control cotton pest also determined. Spider collected through the various media such as aspirator, pitfall trap, sianour glass and by shaking collected specimen for further study was carried out in the Araneae laboratory. With the help of valid keys of spider identification species, belonging to 76 species, 58 genera and 18 families were identified with 27 species and 13 genera are new records for the spider's fauna of Iran. Through regular weekly visiting dominant species were also determined by aspirator, pitfall trap, sianour glass and shaking with following species Cheiracanthium pennyi, Aulonia albimana, Neoscona adianta and Thanatus formicinus in Ardebil and Khorasan, Fars, Gholestan and Tehran respectively. Effects of the spider on major cotton insect pests were also studied on the laboratory condition for the first time in Iran. Amount of spiders feeding on the cotton pests determined by giving 10-15 of each cotton pest(in device) and then together (4 kinds of pests) in same time to spiders and counted and registered amount of eaten insects by spiders.In Tehran following spider species T. formicinus،Oxyopes salticus،C. erraticum،P.cespitum and Thyene imperialis were studied on cotton pests and daily rate of feeding recorded for sixty days. The same prosier followed for the A.albimana ،Drassodes sp. ،Arctosa sp.and Xysticus sp. in Fars and C.pennyi and Xysticus cristatus, in Ardebil. Results indicated that maximum predation occurred T. imperialis,o. salticus, T. formicinus and C.pennyi on Empoasca decipiens in Tehran and Ardebil provinces and A.albimana on Bemisia tabaci in Fars province.
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