Genotypic specificity of somatic callusing ability in Triticum aestivum under the action of culture filtrates of Fusarium spp.
2006
Sasco, E.
The present research has been carried out in order to elucidate the action of culture filtrates of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium gibbosum and Fusarium graminearum on some morphogenetic indices in wheat immature embryo culture with a view of developing an appropriate procedure for rapid in vitro testing of genetic material for resistance to Fusarium pathogens. For research various winter wheat genotypes differing by the degree of resistance to Fusarium were used. The embryos were inoculated in Petri dishes on Murashige-Skoog medium supplemented with Fusarium culture filtrates in the following concentrations: 10, 20 and 30 percent. The reaction of the genotypes to Fusarium was estimated by quantitative expression of direct somatic embryogenesis and callusing ability after 14 days of cultivation. The obtained results demonstrated that Fusarium culture filtrates influenced significantly on the somatic direct embryogenesis and callogenesis. The effects depended on plant genotype, fungus toxicity and its concentration. In vitro immature embryo culture allowed the evaluation of the level of susceptibility/resistance to Fusarium fungi. All genotypes were susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum, and it is precisely in this case that the genotypic factor manifested itself most pronouncedly. Two genotypes were shown to be resistant to the action of culture filtrates of F. gibbosum. The studied genotypes exhibited a relatively high callogenesis in the presence of F. graminearum.
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