Estimation of 137Cs soil pollution permissive the forming of the pure agricultural production corresponding to norm on the basis of mathematical model for radioactive nuclide transfer to the plants
2008
Spiridonov, S.I. | Mosharov, O.V. | Solomatin, V.M. | Panov, A.V. | Fesenko, S.V., All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology, Kaluga Region (Russian Federation)
Grain contamination by 4 types of fusariotoxins was studied: by T-2 toxins (T-2), 8-oxotrichotecens of the 4 desoxynivalenol group (DON), zearalenons and fumonisins of the B group (FUM). The samples of maize and rice were chosen in the grain harvested in 2002-2006 on the territory of South, Volga and Central Federal Districts. It was found out that 90-100% samples of maize grain contained the studied toxins. The grain of Central District contained T-2 in an average concentration of 163 microgram/kg (13 from 14 samples), the other ones were found considerably rarely. In Volga District 8 samples from 10 ones contained T-2 (the average concentration was 650 microgram/kg), 7 samples did FUM (the average concentration was 923 microgram/kg). In South District the most frequent contaminants were FUM, in 2003 and 2003 their concentration overrode significantly the threshold value of 5000 microgram/kg. In 2004 and 2005 the FUM frequency remained to be high, but the toxin concentration sharply lowered (the maximum one was 5940 microgram/kg). T-2 frequency reached 52.8% in 2004-2005 against 19.1 and 17.6% in 2002 and 2003 respectively. The average T-2 concentration also had tendencies to grow (microgram/kg): it was 20.6 in 2002, 91.2 in 2003, 193.3 in 2004-2005. In 2003 the threshold value of 100 microgram/kg was overrode for 2 samples from 6 ones, for 7 samples from 19 ones in 2004-2005. The rice grain samples from Primorskij Territory (South District) contained only DON and the ones from Krasnodar Territory (South District) did only T-2. In 2003 T-2 was found to be the only contaminant at a concentration within the threshold value. In 2003 T-2 was found at high concentrations (at the average 840 microgram/kg), often with other toxins. The conclusion was made that T-2 and FUM content had to be controlled at safety estimation of maize grain produced on the Russian Federation territory and the one of T-2 at the cases of rice
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