[Biological, morphological and biochemical estimation of pear varieties from South regions of Russia]
2008
Kiseleva, N.S.
The pear varieties of different maturing periods from plant collections of All-Russia Research and Development Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops are studied in 2003-2007. Content of solid matter in the pear fruits composes 17.0-19.74% depending on the variety, the one of acids does 0.35-0.70%, the ones of sugars and ascorbic acid compose 20.76-24.30% and 6.97-10.0 milli g per 100 g respectively. A high correlation is determined for sugar and acid contents (0.75) and a low one is determined sugar and solid matter ones (0.32). Ascorbic acid amount correlates lightly with acid content and it does moderately with solid matter content (0.59). The additional analysis of covariation of 15 phenological indices, of 14 morphological leaf parameters and of 4 compounds of fruit chemical composition was carried. The index of total acidity has correlations with butt thickness (-0.27), upper leaf epidermis thickness (-0.32), lower leaf epidermis thickness (-0.61), palisad tissues depth (-0.46), layer number of palisad tissues (-0.28), leaf length (-0.37), leaf width (-0.43), leaf form index (0.30), butt length (-0.52). The index of ascorbic acid content has correlations with butt thickness (-0.49), palisad tissues depth (-0.46), butt length (-0.63), leaf form index (0.34). The correlations determined allow to develop selection criteria according the studied leaf parameters of hybrid seedlings with high-qualited fruits. The best new varieties from the studied ones are Rassvet, Chernomorskaya, Yantarnaya, Vega, Verbena
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