Effect of Benzylaminopurine and number of splitting of shoot-tip explants of Banana (Musa AAA) on Somaclonal Variation
2007
Ayang, O.O.
This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of cytokinin concentration, propagation cycles and splitting on somaclonal variation on invitro propagated plantlets from banana cvs.Grand Nain and Albedy. The study consisted of three experiments conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory at the Agriculture Research Corporation. Wad Medani during 2005 - 2007. The first experiment showed the effect of propagation cycles and splitting on somaclonal variation on in vitro propagated banana plantlet and in vivo growth of plants from the two bananas cultivars in the green house. The result indicated that the highest number of shoots was produced on the second subculture. It was observed that the number of shoots per explants decreased significantly after four cycles on banana cv. Albeely, but no decrease on cultivar Grand Nain except in cycles five and six. The only somaclonal variations observed was mainly dwarfism. The percentage of dwarf plants on the two bananas cultivars increased from 0.5 to 3.9% with the increasing splitting cycles in the green house after 8 weeks. The second experiment showed the effect of BAP concentration on banana Grand Nain and Albeely. The result indicated that the number of shoots regenerated per explants increased significantly with the increase on BAP concentration after 4, 8 and 12 weeks on Grand Nain and Albeely banana cultivars. There was no mutagenic or somaclonal variation observed in MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) culture medium supplemented with BAP from 6 - 10 mg/l after 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The third experiment was on the effect of GA3 acid concentration on dwarf shoots on banana cv. Grand Nain. The in vitro dwarf plants of the banana cv. Grand Nain restored their normal growth and produced the length plants on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 - 2.0 mg/l of GA3
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