Response of wheat cultivars at different population densities to within and interseasonal temperature variatiion in an irrigated hot environment
2007
Abdaldim, M.G.
Four wheat cultivars were studied at the Gezira Research Station Farm, Wad Medani, Sudan, for two seasons (2004/05-2005/06) in split-split plot design, where sowing dates occupied the main plots, seed rates in sub-plots and the cultivars in the sub-sub plots with four replicates. The First objective of this study was to compare field performance of the cultivars under varying temperatures. Secondly, to assess within season and between seasons variations in yield and other related traits. An additional objective was to correlate agro-morphological traits and yield components to the final grain yield. Data were collected on ten characters namely days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of spikes, 1000 grain weight, grain-filling duration, number of seeds per spike, biomass, grain yield and harvest index. Great variability was detected among the cultivars for most of the characters. The cultivars Elneilain, Debeira and Argine per formed better in the early heat stress (early season) while, the cultivar Condor was best in the late heat stress. In addition, characters which were found to be positively and simply correlated with yield were; biomass, number of spikes per square meter, plant height, days to maturity, grain filling duration, 1000 seed weight, and harvest index. The results showed that variations in grain yield, plant height and days to heading and maturity and filling duration were more within than between season under varying temperatures. Population densities (seed rates), under varying temperatures, had significant effect on grain yield. The stepwise multiple regressing and path analysis revealed that biomass and harvest index, had the greatest positive direct effects on grain yield
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