BESLET - А NEW DRY BEAN VARIETY PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. | БЕСЛЕТ - НОВ СОРТ ЗРЯЛ ФАСУЛ P. VULGARIS L.

The main problem of dry bean production technology is harvesting. The harvesting systems depends on the growth habit. In the growing technology, which uses a low level of mechanization and harvesting is manual, the type of plant is not important, except when the morphology negatively correlates with productivity. The growth habit most suitable for direct harvesting with combine is growth type IIa, with an erect plant, located high and non-shattering pods, white seeds, resistant to economically important diseases. Moreover, varieties of this growth type are characterized by high yield in the highest stability. The erect plant provides better light penetration in the crop, better photosynthetic activity and higher productivity. It provides better crop ventilation, less problems with diseases and minimizes problems associated with frequent rainfalls during harvesting. Therefore, breeding at Dobroudja Agricultural Institute DAI - G. Toshevo is directed primarily to wards developing varieties of dry bean with this feature. Three varieties of dry bean have been developed with growth habit type IIa - Prelom, Abritus and Ludogorie. Variety Beslet was developed by Dimitar Genchev and Ivan Kiryakov, DAI - G. Toshevo through repeated selection of individual plants in the cross DG 95-20 HR 45/Abritus. The variety was approved by the Expert Commission on legumes to IASAS on 18.10.2007 and included in list B of the official catalog of Bulgaria. The vegetation period of variety Beslet is 95 ± 3 d, 4 d more than variety Dobrudjanski 7 and one day less than variety Abritus. The main stem and branches of variety Beslet end with a vegetative bud. The plant is without tendril and lodging IIa type. The hypocotyl is green. The plant height depending on environmental conditions is within 40 - 60 cm. The pods are located in the upper 4/5 of the plant. All this makes variety Beslet suitable for direct harvesting. The leaves are light green, with weak rugosity, medium pilosity above and below, with a quadrangular shape and a long pointed apex. Flowers are with white standard and wings, white keel and small bract. Pods are medium long and narrow, rounded, with medium ratio of thickness:width, light green with possibility of violet hue, concave, slightly curved, acute to truncate apex, with smooth, medium long and slightly curved beak. Seeds are white, with medium veining and weak glossines. Longitudinal shape is elliptic, and cross shape - wide elliptic. The weight of 1000 seeds is 210 ± 20 g, and hectoliter weight is 79.6 ± 1.2 kg. They are with very good taste and cooking time of 150 ± 12 min. The protein content is 20.5 ± 1.5%. Variety Beslet is with resistant leaves and pods to most Bulgarian isolates of bacterial blight. It is resistant to more than 20 strains of bacterial blight. The leaf reaction to strains XB6221 and XB99132 is 1.7, and the pod reaction is 2.0. The leaf show resistant reaction 1.3-3.0 to races 1,6,7 and 9 of halo blight, and the pod show resistant reaction 3.0-3.5 to races 9 and 6 and moderately resistant reaction to races 1 and 7. Varieties Abritus, Prelom and Ludogorie are with susceptible leaves and pods. Variety Beslet shows wilt and/or necrosis 4.2 22nd day and 6.2 30th day and growth stunt of 1.8 22nd day and 3.0 30th day to bacterial blight CC96212, yellow isolate. The variety is moderately resistant 5.2 at 10th day and moderately susceptible 6.2at 15th day to white mold Ss-1 isolate. The stem, petiole and leaves are susceptible 7.7 to race 81 and resistant to races 2,6,22 and 54. The resistance of varieties Beslet and Drezden to races 2, 6, 22 and 54 is controlled by two different genes in locus Co-2 Genchev et al., 2010. Variety Beslet is resistant infection type from 1.0 to 3.0 and rust intensity from 0% to 10% to the rust races identified in Bulgaria 20-0, 20.1, 20.2, 20.3, 20-19, 29-0, 28.1, 51-3 and 29.1., while variety Abritus is resistant only to races 29-0 and 20- 19.