Heredity analysis on combining ability of eight corn inbred lines main ear characters

Китайский. 以8个典型玉米自交系及其组配的28个双列杂交组合为试验材料,对玉米植株穗部性状配合力进行研究。结果表明：①穗粗、穗行数、百粒重等性状主要受基因加性效应影响;穗粒重主要受非加性效应影响;穗长、行粒数、秃尖等各性状受基因加性效应和非加性效应的共同影响。对于主要受非加性效应影响的性状,亲本配合力与其在杂种中的特殊配合力间无必然联系;对于主要受加性效应影响的性状,表现为一般配合力高则特殊配合力也高的趋势;对于既受加性效应影响又受一定非加性效应影响的性状,一般配合力影响特殊配合力,实际杂交组合的表现受二者共同影响。②组配强优势杂交组合时,穗部各性状大多与穗粒重密切相关,而且将带来较大的正效应,在自交系选育中应以穗较粗且长,穗行数、行粒数较多,百粒重较大,各因素协调为主要选择指标。③穗行数和行粒数的狭义遗传力与广义遗传力接近,说明二者的显性效应较低,而主要是加性效应起的作用。穗长的遗传力则有较大的差异,说明单株产量的选择要根据试验结果确定,不能仅仅根据亲本的单株产量来确定子代的单株产量。[著者文摘]

Английский. Took eight typical maize inbred lines of four heterotic group and their mixture of 28 double crosses （excluding anti-pay） as the tested material, and studied the combing ability of the corn ear. The results showed： ①Ear diameter, the number of row, weight and other characteristics were mainly affected by additive genetic effect, ear weight was mainly influenced by non-additive effect; spike length, number of kernels per row, bald and other genetic traits were influenced by both additive effect and non-additive effect. For the characters mainly affected by non-additive effect, the tie-in with its hybrid power of the special forces was inevitable. For the character mainly affected by the additive effect, the combining ability showed very high, and the special also met the trend. For they had additive effects also subject to certain non-additive effects of character traits, the general combining ability affect the special, Hybrid actual performance was affected by the combined effects of both. ② Group assignments of the superior cross, the characters spike, most closely associated with the production, could bring greater positive effect on the selection of inbred lines to be thicker and longer ear, the number of row, and row more weight greater coordination of the main factors the choice of indicators. ③ There were close between high heredity and narrow heredity of ear height and kernels per row which showed that they were low of dominant effects. The additive effects played the main role We could select the offspring＇s ear height and kernels per row through the parents. Because the high heredity and narrow heredity were very different which showed that dominant effects obviously of the ear length. We could not select the offspring＇s ear length through the parents. The high heredity and narrow heredity were very different which showed that we had not to determine the grain weight per ear through the parents but to text results.