Effects of foliage application of calcium on fruit firmness and quality related indexes in processing tomato | 外源施钙对加工番茄果实硬度及品质相关指标的影响

Китайский. 明确外源钙对加工番茄果实硬度及品质的影响。以加工番茄品种“里格尔87-5”和“石红12”为材料，在果实发育期定期叶面喷施不同浓度CaCl2溶液，分析成熟果实的硬度及品质指标与施钙的关系。与CK（0 g/L）相比，对于品种“里格尔87-5”而言，2，4，8 g/L的CaCl2处理分别可使果实产量增加9.2%，39.6%和14.2%，果实硬度增加9.34%，5.09% 和5.01%，PG酶活性降低21.08%，17.73%和14.89%，可溶性固性物含量增加12.57%，9.16%和8.64%，番茄红素含量增加42.86%，42.86%和38.86%；2 和4 g/L CaCl2处理使有机酸含量分别增加32.29%和12.11%；2 g/L CaCl2处理使果实还原糖、总糖、Vc含量和果实耐压力分别增加10.57%，22.10%，10.24%和11.50%。对于品种“石红12”而言，2，4，8 g/L CaCl2处理分别使产量增加58.6%，38.0%_和30.8%，可溶性固性物含量增加20.62%，15.83%和14.39%，番茄红素含量增加81.16%，150%和18.84%，PG酶活性降低21.01%，43.19%和8.84%；2和4 g/L CaCl2处理分别使果实硬度增加3.10%和0.07%；2 g/L CaCl2处理使果实还原糖、总糖、Vc、有机酸含量和果实耐压力分别增加10.34%，8.30%，11.88%，1.44%和8.81%。叶面喷施2 g/L CaCl2，是提高供试2个加工番茄品种产量和品质及增加果实硬度和耐压力的适宜质量浓度。

Английский. The study clarified the effects of calcium application on fruit firmness and quality of processing tomato. Calcium solution of different concentrations was foliage sprayed on processing tomatoes cv. Ligeer 87-5 and cv. Shihong 12 during fruit development in definite interval. The firmness and quality of ripened fruit were assayed. For cv. Ligeer 87-5, treatments of 2, 4 and 8 g/L CaCl2 increased fruit yield by 9.2%, 39.6% and 14.2%, increased fruit firmness by 9.34%, 5.09% and 5.01%, decreased PG enzyme activity by 21.08%, 17.73% and 14.89%, increased fruit soluble solids by 12.57%, 9.16% and 8.64%, increased lycopene content by 42.86%, 42.86% and 38.86%, respectively; treatments of 2 and 4 g/L CaCl2 increased organic acid content by 32.29% and 12.11%；treatment of 2 g/L CaCl2 increased the contents of reducing sugar, total sugar and vitamin C, and fruit pressure resistance by 10.57%, 22.10%, 10.24% and 11.50% respectively. For cv. Shihong 12, treatments of 2, 4 and 8 g/L CaCl2 increased fruit yield by 58.6%, 38.0% and 30.8%, increased fruit soluble solids by 20.62%, 15.83% and 14.39%, increased lycopene content by 81.16%, 150% and 18.84%, decreased PG enzyme activity by 21.01%, 43.19% and 8.84% respectively; treatments of 2 and 4 g/L CaCl2 increased fruit firmness by 3.10% and 0.07% respectively; treatment of 2 g/L CaCl2 increased the contents of reducing sugar, total sugar, vitamin C and organic acid, and fruit pressure resistance by 10.34%, 8.30%, 11.88%, 1.44% and 8.81% respectively. Foliage application of 2 g/L CaCl2 is taken as the practical concentration to improve yield and quality and to increase fruit firmness and pressure resistance for the two processing tomato cultivars.