Some biological characteristics of the leaf-color inversion wheat | 叶色倒置小麦的一些生物学特征研究

Китайский. 探讨叶色呈倒置状态小麦的一些生物学特性，为高产小麦育种研究提供参考。以具有叶色倒置现象的小麦品种为材料，研究叶色倒置小麦中叶色正置茎和叶色倒置茎顶三叶的叶色、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、净光合速率及千粒质量的变化规律。叶色倒置小麦正置茎顶三叶叶色、源活性指标及千粒质量的变化规律与普通小麦相似;倒置茎顶三叶在接近乳熟后期时旗叶叶色等级高于倒二叶；随着生育期的推进，叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和净光合速率均表现为倒二叶旗叶倒三叶，并持续到小麦成熟；倒置茎籽粒的千粒质量均高于正置茎，且增幅明显。自然界存在叶色倒置小麦，倒置茎上旗叶的衰老先于倒二叶，且与此现象有关的生物学参数均发生了异常变化。

Английский. The biological characteristics of the leaf-color inversion wheat were investigated. We used leaf-color inversion wheat cultivar as materials, then carried out the comparison for the top three leaves in leaf-color inversion stem and leaf-color normal stem, including leaf-color differences, chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, net photosynthetic rate and the variation law of 1 000 kernel weight. The variation pattern of the top-three leaf color, source activity indexes and thousand seed mass of the of leaf-color normal stem leaf-color inversion wheat were similar to that of common wheat. The color rank of flag leaf was higher than the second leaf since the last stage of milk within the leaf-color inversion stem; the chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, and net photosynthetic rate of the second leaf were higher than that in top-three leaf along with the progress of growth; moreover, this phenomenon continued to wheat mature; the thousand seed mass of leaf-color inversion stem was higher than that of leaf-color normal stem, and significant difference was observed. The leaf-color inversion wheat has been discovered in nature, the senescence process of the flag leaf was faster than the second leaf within the leaf-color inversion stem, and these biological parameters related to this phenomenon induced abnormal changes.