Morphological observation of pregnant corpus luteum of dairy goat | 奶山羊妊娠黄体的组织形态观察

Китайский. 观察奶山羊妊娠期间黄体组织形态的变化。运用组织学常规石蜡包埋-HE染色方法及透射电镜技术,对不同妊娠时期山羊卵巢黄体的组织结构变化进行详细观察。妊娠黄体外包结缔组织被膜，被膜内伸形成小梁；黄体实质主要由粒性黄体细胞（大黄体细胞）和膜性黄体细胞（小黄体细胞）组成，前者数量多，主要位于黄体的中央，后者数量较少，位于黄体的周边及少量散布于大黄体细胞之间。退化黄体细胞数量随妊娠周龄增加而逐渐增加；黄体细胞的结构退行性变化表现为：细胞形态多变，胞质呈强嗜酸性，胞核固缩或碎裂；电镜下可见细胞器发生变性，核内异染色质数量逐渐增多，后期核膜出现皱缩，线粒体嵴断裂、脱落，分泌颗粒数量减少，脂滴发生退化聚集，滑面内质网减少或消失，细胞质内空泡数量增多、细胞间隙加大。黄体组织的形态结构随所处妊娠的不同阶段而变化，退化黄体细胞数量随周期推进逐渐增加。

Английский. The study was to observe the morphological characteristics of pregnant corpus luteum of dairy goat. The morphological structures and changes of goat ovaries during different pregnant stages were studied by using paraffin embedding, Hematoxinlin-Eosin staining method and transmission electron microscope techniques. The corpus luteum was surrounded by capsule of connective tissue which formed trabeculum by extending into parenchyma. The parenchyma was mainly composed of granulosa lutein cells（large lutein cells）and theca lutein cells (small lutein cells). The granulosa lutein cells were the majority, and mainly located in the central area of corpus luteum. And the theca lutein cells were mainly located in the surrounding corpus luteum, and diffusedly distributed among granulosa lutein cells. With the progress of pregnancy, regressed luteal cells increased. The structural changes of luteal cells during regression were as follows: the cellular shape was changeable with strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm, condensed and fragmented nucleus. Under the electron microscope, the organelles of regressional lunteal cells denaturated, the amount of inntranuclear heterochromatin gradually increased, and nuclear membrane shrank at later pregnant stage. Mitochondrial cristae were broken and fell, the number of secretory granules decreased. Degradation and aggregation of lipid droplet occurred, the amount of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum decreased or even disappeared. The number of cytoplasmic vacuoles increased, intercellular space increased. The morphological structure of corpus luteum varied at different pregnant stages, and the number of degenerative luteal cells gradually increased.