Study and analysis of cropper climate suitability based on fuzzy mathematics in Longnan Mountainous area | 基于模糊数学的甘肃陇南地区农作物气候适宜性分析

Китайский. 研究小麦、玉米、大豆、棉花4种农作物在陇南山区的气候适宜种植程度，对该区种植业的发展提供可行性建议。以农作物生长发育所需的温度和降水量为基础，运用模糊数学中隶属函数的方法对该区气候因子（温度、降水）进行数理转化，计算各种农作物生育全过程的温度适宜度（ST (Tt)）、降水适宜度（SR (Rt)）、水温综合适宜度（Isr），以探求农作物生长发育的气候适宜度，最后通过ArcGis的空间技术对该区4种农作物气候适宜度的空间分布进行分析。小麦、玉米、大豆在试区的气候适宜度（ST (Tt)、SR(Rt)、Isr）较高；棉花的气候适宜度较低，并且在空间分布上存在较大差异。小麦和棉花的主要影响因子分别是降水和温度；玉米的ST (Tt)和 SR (Rt)_除了西和、礼县和文县较低外，其他区域均较高，其Isr在空间上呈现四周高中间较低的分布态势；大豆是本区域最适宜种植的作物，但其Isr也存在差别，表现为徽县最高，文县相对最低，呈现出西北_东高，西南_北低的分布状况。从自然的角度（温度和降水）来看，4种农作物中，小麦、玉米、大豆在陇南地区可大面积种植，但需注意在小麦生长的后3阶段进行适量的人工灌溉；棉花除了徽县盆地和南部的文县和西北的宕昌县能进行小规模种植外，其他的大部分区域均不适宜种植。

Английский. Wheat, maize, cotton and soybean in large-scale cultivation in China were used as indicators in the course of the study. Finally the general agro-climate suitability to give some feasible suggestions in Longnan Mountainous area was obtained. Based on crop growth and development of the required temperature and precipitation, the climate factors (temperature and precipitation) were translated mathematically by applying fuzzy mathematics method of membership function and temperature suitability(ST(Tt)), moisture suitability(SR(Rt)) and moisture-temperature suitability (Isr) of the entire process of the various crops were calculated in order to explore the climate suitable for crop growth and development of degree. Then, spatial agro-climate suitability of four crops was analyzed by using Spatial Technology of ArcGis9.0. Agro-climate suitability of wheat, maize, soybean are relatively high,while the cotton is relatively low and there is a big difference in spatial -distribution.The main affecting factors of wheat and cotton are precipitation and temperature; With the exception of Xihe, Lixian and Wenxian, the suitable temperature (ST(Tt)) and suitable temperature (Isr) of corn show high around and low in the middle; Soybean is the most suitable for planting in this region, but difference exists in the suitable moisture and temperature (Isr) of soybean, which shows that Huixian is higher and Wenxian is relatively lower and the distribution of soybean is high in north west-east and low in southwest-north. In the eye of nature(temperature/precipitation), wheat, maize, soybean are preferable crops, but people pay attention to the latter three periods of growing of wheat-while the cotton is only suitable of cultivation in small-scale in basin of Huixian, Wenxian and Dangchangxian.