Study on comprehensive selection of hybrid seedlings characters_ of high yield breeding in apple | 苹果杂交F1代丰产性状综合选择模式研究

Китайский. 分析苹果杂交后代单株产量与单果质量、坐果率、叶面积、干粗、果实发育期、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、百叶质量之间的关联程度。以“短枝富士”和“粉红女士”多年的性状平均表现和预期育种目标为基础，制订其杂交后代主要性状的分级标准，通过对261株短枝富士与粉红女士杂交F1代单果质量、坐果率、叶面积、干粗、果实发育期、叶绿素含量、净光合速率和百叶质量等的调查，计算产量与各性状的相关程度，建立丰产性状的综合选择模式，并对该模式进行了验证。杂交后代单株产量与单果质量、坐果率、干粗、净光合速率、百叶质量显著相关；与叶面积、叶绿素含量、果实发育期相关性不显著。选取与单株产量相关性显著的5个性状，结合果树育种实际，建立了一套苹果杂交F1代丰产性状综合评价的数量化模式。丰产性状综合选择模式在苹果育种实践中具有良好的实用性。

Английский. This study was to find the relations between the hybrid individual yield (Y) and weight per fruit(X1), fruit-setting rate(X2), leaf area(X3), stem fiber coarseness (X4), fruit development period (X5), chlorophyll content (X6), photosynthetic rate(X7), hundred leaf weight(X8). Based on several years average characters and expected breeding goals of Duanzhifuji and Pinklady, the selective standards of each character were drawn up. According to the standards,by investigating the main characters of 261 hybrid seeding of of Duanzhifuji and Pinklady, including weight per fruit, fruit-setting rate, leaf area, stem fiber coarseness, fruit development period, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and hundred leaf weight etc the relations between the hybrid individual yields and the main characters were measured, and the selection model was proposed and tested. The results showed that there were significant relations at the 5% level between Y and X1, X2, X4, X7, X8; there were significant relations at the 5% level between Y and X3, X5, X6. The table for comprehensive evaluation consisting of the contingency ratio value added coefficient and linear comprehensive index Pj was established by analyzing the maize region test data. The weighted comprehensive selection indexes and a model of comprehensive selection of apple characters for high yield breeding were proposed. The practice proved that this model was useful for apple high yield breeding.