Research on environmental equity evaluation based on regional differences and its countermeasures a case of Jiangsu Province | 江苏省不同区域环境公平测度及对策研究

Китайский. 以区域经济发展水平差距悬殊、环境污染差异明显的江苏三大区域为例，采用统计分析方法探讨经济发展、环境污染排放的区域差异特征，构建环境公平测度指数，并分别对1998年和2005年各市环境公平程度进行测度，通过聚类分析方法和GIS空间分析工具评价了环境不公平指数的空间分布，探讨环境公平的地域差异程度。结果表明：江苏省环境不公平指数呈现明显的区域差异现象，环境不公平指数级别为苏南最高，苏中次之，苏北最低，而且随着经济地域差距的增大呈扩大趋势。初步认为此现象主要由苏南地区产业结构的优化升级及产业污染由苏南向苏北的蔓延所致。最后提出实行生态环境空间管制、实施生态补偿机制、建立环保政绩考核体系、强化流域管理、建立有地区差别的环境经济政策等区域协调发展建议。[著者文摘]

Английский. Taking Southern Jiangsu, Central Jiangsu and Northern Jiangsu areas with different status of economy and environmental pollution as the cases, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the regional differences, designs the measuring index, and calcu- lates the degree of environmental equity in 1998 and 2005. By applying the cluster analysis and GIS spatial analysis tool, it evalu- ates the spatial distribution of environmental unequity index. The results indicate that the environmental equity is different between the regions of Jiangsa Province, and increases with the expansion of regional economic difference. The environmental unequity in- dex of Southern Jiangsu is the highest, central Jiangsu the second, and Northern Jiangsu the lowest. It is argued that this phenom- enon is a result of the optimizing and upgrading of industrial structure and the spreading of industrial pollution from Southern Jiangsu to Northern Jiangsu. Finally, some suggestions on regional harmonious development are put forward, including carrying on ecologi- cal spatial governess and compensation mechanism, setting up performance evaluation system for administration, strengthening drainage basin management and establishing distinguishing policies of environment and economy for different areas.