Construction and implementation of China-blight： a monitoring and warning system on potato late blight in China | 中国马铃薯晚疫病监测预警系统“China-blight”的组建及运行

Китайский. 马铃薯晚疫病是严重威胁世界马铃薯生产和粮食安全的重要病害之一，同时也是植物病害中流行速度最快的病害之一。由于品种多不抗病，目前国内外主要依靠化学防治控制该病害。为了提高用药的时效性，将信息技术与植物病害流行学原理相结合，设计并组建了中国马铃薯晚疫病监测预警系统“China-blight”（www．china-blight．net）。该系统由“中国晚疫病实时分布”、“未来48小时不同区域晚疫病菌侵染危险性预测”和“晚疫病化学防治决策支持系统”等子系统构成，此外还包括“晚疫病防治方法”、“品种抗病性”、“化学药剂库”、“其他病虫害”、“问题与经验交流”和“用户田间管理电子档案”等知识信息与服务功能。通过对2009年我国北方马铃薯一作区6―7月份病害侵染时段出现次数与晚疫病实际发生情况进行比较，预测信息与病害实际发生程度相符，该系统可以用于对马铃薯晚疫病田间防治的指导。[著者文摘]

Английский. Potato late blight is one of the most important plant diseases that seriously threaten the global potato production as well as food security. Meanwhile, it is also one of the plant diseases with highest epidemic speed. Due to the shortage of resistance varieties in most cases, chemical control is still the main method in use today to manage the disease. In order to improve the control efficacy, potato late blight monitoring and warning system of China ＂China-blight＂ （www. china-blight, net） was designed and set up based on the combination of information technology with the principles of plant disease epidemiology. This system is composed of three sub-systems, name- ly Real-time distribution of potato late blight in China, Forecast on the infection risk of late blight pathogen in different districts of China in the coming 48 hours and Decision support system for the chemical control on potato late blight. Besides, knowledge information as well as services such as ＂Control methods on late blight＂, ＂Resist- ances of varieties＂, ＂Fungicides database＂, ＂Other pests on potatoes＂, ＂Questions ＆ experiences exchange＂ and ＂Electronic record for field practices of users＂ was also included. A comparison was made between the times of suitable weather conditions for pathogen infection during June and July in northern areas of potato production in China and the real late blight occurrence. The system had a high accuracy for disease forecasting and could be used for late blight control in fields.[著者文摘]