Genetic dissection of plant height at different growth stages in common wheat | 小麦株高发育动态QTL定位

Китайский. 【目的】检测小麦生长发育过程中控制株高的条件QTL和非条件QTL,揭示株高发育的分子遗传机理,获得更多调控株高的遗传信息。【方法】以两个主栽小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57的F1获得的含有168个株系的DH(双单倍体)群体为材料,自拔节至开花期,每隔7 d取样测定株高(分蘖节至穗顶端)。根据3个环境下株高的表型数据和含有323个位点的分子遗传图谱,采用条件复合区间作图法进行小麦株高的发育动态QTL分析。【结果】共检测到18个非条件QTL和10个条件QTL。在18个非条件QTL中,Qph5D-1在前4个取样期(3月9日―4月23日)均能检测到,Qph4D-1在后3个取样期均能检测到,分别是挑旗前、后阶段影响株高的主效QTL,其它非条件QTL在少数几个取样期发现或效应很小。10个条件QTL中,Qph5D-1在两个阶段均能检测到,总贡献率为30.1%。Qph4B在5月1日―5月8日检测到,贡献率为20.3%,对后期株高的净增长量起主要作用。其它条件QTL只在一个阶段出现或效应较小。【结论】影响株高的QTL数目及其QTL表达效应在株高形成的过程中有很大的变化,说明控制株高生长的数量性状基因以一定的时空方式表达。在小麦育种中,本研究结果可为株高的分子标记辅助选择提供理论依据。

Английский. 【Objective】 The QTLs/genes related to stem growth of wheat which are expressed at different stages from jointing to flowering stage were detected. QTLs/genes expression on stem growth were studied to detect the number and genetic effects of QTLs/genes in different development stages, then to attain more genetic information of regulating plant height. 【Method】 Conditional and unconditional QTLs for plant height were studied using a doubled haploid (DH) population with 168 progeny lines, derived from a cross between two elite Chinese wheat cultivars Huapei 3×Yumai 57. Plant height was evaluated at 6 different stages (from jointing stage to flowering period), in different environments in 2008 and 2009 cropping seasons. QTL analyses were performed using a mixed linear model approach and a linkage map consisting of 323 marker loci was used to search QTLs for plant height. 【Result】 A total of 18 unconditional QTLs and 10 conditional QTLs were detected. Among the 18 unconditional QTLs, Qph5D-1 was persistently expressed at 4 stages. Qph4D-1 was persistently expressed at 3 stages. Among the 10 conditional QTLs, Qph5D-1 explained 30.1% of phenotypic variations. Qph4B was detected during 1st to 8th May, explained 20.3% of phenotypic variations. 【Conclusion】 The number and the expression of QTLs have a great change in the development of plant height, which suggest that the QTLs express depending on different developmental stages. The information obtained in this study should be useful for manipulating the QTLs by marker assisted selection (MAS) in wheat dwarf breeding programs.