Microbial properties, enzyme activities and the persistence of exogenous proteins in soil under consecutive cultivation of transgenic cottons (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Chen, Z.H.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang (China). Inst. of Applied Ecology | Chen, L.J.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang (China). Inst. of Applied Ecology | Zhang, Y.L.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang (China). Inst. of Applied Ecology | Wu, Z.J.,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang (China). Inst. of Applied Ecology
One Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and two stacked Bt and cowpea trypsin inhibitor (Bt + CpTI) cottons and their non-transgenic isolines were consecutively cultivated to investigate the soil persistence of Cry1Ac and CpTI proteins and their effects on microbial properties and enzyme activities involving C, N, P, and S cycling in soil. Cry1Ac and CpTI proteins persisted in soil under transgenic cottons cultivated consecutively during 4 years. The concentration of Cry1Ac proteins varied from 6.75 ng/g to 12.01 ng/g and that of CpTI proteins from 30.65 to 43.60 ng/g. However, neither of these two proteins was detected in soil under non-transgenic cottons. Soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial activities, and soil enzyme activities (except urease and phosphodiesterase) significantly decreased in soil under transgenic cottons. Correlation analysis showed that most of microbial properties and enzyme activities in soil had a negative relationship with Cry1Ac content, while most of them had a positive relationship with CpTI content. Our data indicate that consecutive cultivation by genetically modified cottons with Bt and CpTI genes can result in persistence of Cry1Ac and CpTI proteins and negatively affect soil microbial and biochemical properties.
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