Needles in faeces: an index of quality of wild ungulate winter diet
Kamler, J.,Akademie Ved, Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Biologie Obratlovcu | Homolka, M.,Akademie Ved, Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Biologie Obratlovcu
Norway spruce is a wide-spread food resource and its utilisable biomass exceeds the needs of herbivores. Needles seem to be consumed only when there are no better food sources. They are consumed especially during winters with deep snow cover. The aim of this study was to test presumption of needles as nutritive poor component of ungulate diets through botanical diet analyses and chemical nutrition estimation (content of crude protein and metabolizable energy volume in faeces) and elaborate the calibration curve on indirect estimation of quality food resources for ungulates in environment (NIRS needle content in faeces). High content of spruce needles corresponded well with a low quality winter diet of wild ungulates and may reflect animal nutritional constraints. As a consequence, the content of spruce needles may be used as an easy index of animal performance in a particular environment in forested area with coniferous forests in temperate zone. Needle content can be determined from the faeces by near infrared spectrophotometry and this easy technique can be recommended as indicator of the food resources quality for ungulates.
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