Study on the effects of different levels pistachio dehulling By-products & Its tannins on Growth and down production from raeini goats

Thirty - two male Raini cashmere goats (mean live weight 24. 92::t2.5 kg, 18 months of age) were used in a completely randomized design to study the effect of 4 isonitrogeneous(I2.4% CP) and isoenergetic (2.4 ME mcal/kg) diets containing levels of 0, 10 , 20 and 30% of dried Pistachio residuals on growth, cashmere production and follicular characteristics. The trial was conducted at a research station of Bardsir , at the altitude of2040m above the sea level. Goats were housed individually 174 day experiment. The training results showed that the highest mean fleece weight (549g) was for diet with 10% of Pistachio residual and The lowest that of belonged to control diet (481g). Total fleece weight at the end of the experiment were similar (P.05) between the groups but diets containing Pistachio by products was more than control but no increased linearly. The highest and the least cashmere fibre diameter were 18.41 and 20.31 (M) for diets of 10 and 30% Pistachio by products respectively (p.05) and The treatment means for guard hair diameter were on the contrary cashmere diameter and the rates were 70.30 and 64.07(Jl) for two diets above mentioned and were non- significant(p.05). Maximum staple strength(3.67g£'tex) and minimum that of (3.21g£'tex) observed for 10 and 20% levels respectively er .05). The mean DM intake & Daily gain and feed convertion for diets with 0.10, 20 and 30% of Pistachio residual were of 899,847, 799, 970 and 71.7, 74.3, 66.6, 70.3 and 13.42, 12.33, 14.07, 14.4 respectively but DM intake was no similar among treatments (P.05) Although from point of view two other cases were similar (p.05). Cashmere percent between treatments were not also different (p.05). Total primary and secondary follicle densitY at the end of experiment for diets containing 0, 10, 20 and 30% of Pistachio levels wereJ 36.73, 40.51, 34.99 and 34.37(mm2/skin) respectively and The mean' follicular ratio at start and end of experiment were 12.29, 13.4, 12.55, 12.47 respectively. inactive secondary follicles percent at the end of trial obtained 4.99,3.08, 5.83, 12.09 respectively and There was no significant differences (P.05) . Total tannin and phenolic compounds of dried Pistachio residuals were of 10.15 and 15.62 (DM basis). The rates of total tamrin for diets 0, 10 , 20 , 30 % levels were of 0 , 1.01,2.03,3.04 percent DM respectively. In sacco crude protein degradability in the diets were higher for control than for other diets. The rates of CP degradation decreased linearly as tannin content increased. CP degradation was influenced by diet and time of incubation (P.05). The levels of CP degradation for pelleted diets containing levels of different pistachio by­products and control were of 66.18 , 59.71 , 53.75 and 52.45 respectively. However organic mattei' degradation rates betvveen treatments \\vcre no significant differences (P.O5) . Although OM degradation rates decreased as increased tannin of diets.In general obtained results showed that feeding dried Pistachio h:i products upto level of 30% OM have no any inhibitory effects on growth, DM intake, skin follicle, cashmere production and safety for goats and it appears that can substitute for control diet ingredients Key words: Raini Goats, Cashmere, Daity gain, Follicle and Fleece characteristics, Pistachio By- Products TotafExtractable tannins, Total Phenolic compounds.