Theoretical foundations and practical results of adaptive soybean selection in Ukraine
2008
Petrychenko, V.F., Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Vinnitsa (Ukraine). Feed Research Institute | Ivanyuk, S.V.., Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Vinnitsa (Ukraine). Feed Research Institute | Kolisnyk, S.I., Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Vinnitsa (Ukraine). Feed Research Institute
Taking into consideration the origin of soybean (the Far East, monsoon climate), cultivation of this crop had substantial problems in Ukraine that has temperate continental climate. Due to absence of adapted soybean varieties in Ukraine areas of soybean cultivation could not exceed 100 thousand ha, the main areas were located in the Steppe of Ukraine. By the 90th of the 20th century in Ukraine 8 soybean varieties were zoned and only 1 variety could be cultivated in conditions of Forest-Steppe. During the last decades more than 6 Ukrainian scientific-research institutions have selected nearly 80 high productive adapted domestic soybean varieties, including more than 15 varieties selected under support of Feed Research Institute of UAAS with seed yield of 3.5-4.5 t/ha. Among them are Oksana, Anatolievka, Podilska 416, Monada, Omega vinnitskaya, Appolon, Medeya and others. More than 65% of all domestic varieties belong to early or mid ripening groups. Availability of these soybean varieties of different genetic nature demands scientifically substantiated approach to the distribution of variety sowings in various regions of Ukraine. This investigation is based on the idea of soybean belt of Ukraine, main point of which is in construction of adaptive biosystems of each region of soybean cultivation taking into account increased potential productivity and ecological resistance of plants.
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