Mycotoxins contamination of food and feed from Croatia | Kontaminacija hrane i hraniva mikotoksinima u Hrvatskoj
2011
Peraica, M., Institut za medicinska istraživanja i profesionalno zdravlje, Zagreb (Croatia) | Flajs, D., Institut za medicinska istraživanja i profesionalno zdravlje, Zagreb (Croatia)
In Croatia the mycotoxins research started about 30 years ago when a similarity between kidney lesions in persons suffering from Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and kidney of pigs with mycotoxin nephropathy was noticed. Ochratoxin A (OTA) which was found to be causative agent of porcine nephropathy was supposed to be involved in etiology of BEN known not only in Croatia, but also in Bosnia, Bulgaria Rumania and Serbia. Analyzes of food contamination with OTA was performed in several studies that included samples collected in region with endemic nephropathy. Already in the first study on wheat, maize and barley samples from BEN region the high variability of OTA concentrations in samples collected in different years was noticed. In several studies it was proved that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminates cereals produced in Croatia intended for human and animal consumption, but its concentration never exceeds the recommended maximal tolerable levels. Trichothecenes T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and deoxynivalenol were detected in cereals and animal feed rather frequently. The most frequent contaminants of cereals in Croatia are zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisin B1 (FB1), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and OTA. In some studies the most frequent is ZEA and in others FB1.
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