Тенденции изменения сорных ценозов в посевах озимых зерновых культур в условиях Беларуси
2011
Soroka, S.V., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute of Plant Protection | Tsyganov, A.R., National Academy of Sciences, Minsk (Belarus). Presidium | Yakimovich, E.A. | Soroka, L.I. | Korpanov, R.V. | Kabzar, N.V., National Academy of Sciences. Scientific and Practical Center for Arable Farming (Belarus). Institute of Plant Protection
Floristic diversity of agricultural weed phytocenosises of winter cereals, structure and character of dominant weeds is analyzed; distribution of weeds on different territories depending on soil-and-climate conditions is evaluated; the most general tendencies of formation of the weed plants over the territory of the Republic of Belarus are outlined in the research. Experiments have been carried out before herbicides' application and before harvesting. Comparison of the many-years data is made. Main tendencies of variations of species composition of weed plants in winter rye seeding are analyzed. Different species of weeds changing during 70 years (1939-2009) are researched. The level of impurity of winter cereals depending on predecessor cultures is analyzed. Changes of assortment of herbicides and terms of herbicides' application under winter crops are evaluated. The following conclusions are made: the dynamics of weed species vary greatly per 70 years; at present in Belarus with rather ac¬tive economic activity directed to weed infestation decrease in a group of dominant species in winter cereals remained the ones resistant to 2,4-D and 2M-4X weed plant species – Elytrigia repens, Tripleurospermum inodora, Poligonum spp., Galeopsis spp., Viola spp., Sonchus arvensis, Cirsium arvensis, Artemisia spp., Taraxacum spp., Melandrium album, Poligonum spp., Stellaria media, Myosotis аrvensis, Spergula sativa, Poa annua, Apera spica-venti, Galium aparine, Artemisia vulgare etc., for the perspective coming the increase of windfallen rape, Avena fatua, Papaver rhoeas, Echinochloa crusgalli infestation is forecasted.
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