Study on the characteristics of anaerobic digestion of mixed chicken manure and rice straw | 鸡粪与水稻秸秆混合厌氧发酵特性研究

Китайский. 研究温度、原料配比对鸡粪与水稻秸秆混合原料厌氧发酵产气特性的影响，为提高厌氧发酵的产气效率提供依据。采用自行设计的可控性恒温沼气发酵装置，以不同配比(0.5∶1，1∶1，2∶1，3∶1)的鸡粪与水稻秸秆为发酵原料，在总固体（TS）质量分数为8%的情况下，研究各配比鸡粪与水稻秸秆在25，30，35，40 ℃下的厌氧发酵情况，并用SAS软件对温度、鸡粪与水稻秸秆配比和累积产气量的关系进行多元回归分析。25~40 ℃条件下，各配比鸡粪与水稻秸秆均能正常发酵产生沼气，发酵时间随温度上升而下降，鸡粪与水稻秸秆各配比对发酵时间无显著影响；随着温度的升高，除鸡粪与水稻秸秆配比为1∶1时的累积产气量升高外，其余配比处理的累积产气量均呈先增加后降低的变化趋势。通过模型分析，可知在发酵温度为35.5 ℃，鸡粪与水稻秸秆的配比为1.86∶1时，累积产气量最大可达9 290.9 mL。确定了鸡粪水稻秸秆沼气发酵的最佳温度和最适配比，为提高厌氧发酵的产气速率提供了依据，也为秸秆的合理利用提供了条件。

Английский. The effect of temperature and the proportion of total solids (TS) on biogas production were studied to determine their optimal parameters. Controllable temperature fermentation equipment was used. Chicken manure and rice straw were combined in four proportions (0.5∶1, 1∶1, 2∶1, 3∶1) to achieve 8% TS, then treated at four temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40 ℃). The optimal values for temperature and proportion of mixed raw materials that optimize biogas yield were calculated using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the mixed materials could produce biogas normally under temperatures ranging from 25 ℃ to 40 ℃. As temperature increased, the time necessary for anaerobic digestion decreased. However, cumulative biogas yield did not always increase. At 35 ℃ the cumulative biogas yield was highest apart from those instances in which there was a 1∶1 ratio of mixed materials. There was no correlation between anaerobic digestion time and the proportion of chicken manure and rice straw. An optimal fermentation cumulative biogas yield of 9 290.9 millimeter was achieved when the temperature was 35.5 ℃ and the TS proportion of chicken manure to rice straw was 1.86∶1. This research provides a benchmark reference for the anaerobic digestion of mixed chicken manure and rice straw. It demonstrates how to increase biogas yield from agricultural residues. Importantly, the findings contribute to solving the problem of inadequate raw materials use in anaerobic digestion.