Study on comprehensive benefits of soil and water conservation of small watershed in semi-arid loess hilly region based on catastrophe progression method | 基于突变级数法的半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域水土保持综合效益研究

Китайский. 利用突变理论与模糊数学相结合产生的突变模糊隶属函数，研究半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域水土保持综合效益的多目标评价问题。运用突变级数法，将小流域水土保持综合效益按照突变理论的要求进行多层次矛盾分解，从保水保土的基础效益、经济效益、生态效益、社会效益4个方面构建了16项评价指标，对半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区安家坡小流域的水土保持综合效益进行了评价。安家坡小流域水土保持综合效益从20世纪60年代到90年代有2个明显的增长期，2000年以后发展平稳，该小流域的生态经济环境步入良性循环状态。安家坡小流域水土保持综合突变指数随时间呈波动式上升趋势，与实地调研结果相符。实例评价结果表明，突变级数法是合理、客观而可行的，其为解决半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域水土保持综合效益多目标评价问题提供了一种新思路。

Английский. Catastrophe fuzzy membership function produced by combination of catastrophe and fuzzy mathematics theory was used to study problems about integrated multi-objective evaluation of soil and water conservation effectiveness of small watershed in semi-arid loess hilly region. Catastrophe progression method was used to decompose contradictory multi-objective level of the small watershed comprehensive benefits in accordance with the requirements of catastrophe theory. This study evaluated comprehensive benefit of soil and water conservation of small Anjiapo watershed in semi-arid loess hilly region with 16 evaluating factors selected from 4 aspects on the basis of effectiveness, economic efficiency, ecological benefits and social benefits. Anjiapo small watershed comprehensive benefit from 1960 to 1990 has two distinct growth periods, growing steadily since 2000. Ecological and economic environment of small watershed has entered into a virtuous circle simultaneously. Integrated catastrophe index of Anjiapo watershed soil and water conservation showed a fluctuated increase. The conclusion is consistent with the field survey. Examples showed that the progression method is reasonable, objective and feasible. It provides a new idea to solve multi-objective evaluation on soil and water conservation comprehensive benefits of small watershed in semi-arid loess hilly region.