Effect of different edible fungi on the growth development, reproduction and activity of three enzymes in Scatopse sp. | 不同种类食用菌对黑粪蚊生长发育、繁殖及酯酶活性的影响

Китайский. 研究黑粪蚊（Scatopse sp.）取食不同食用菌后的生长发育、存活情况及体内磷酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活力，为生产上利用不同种类食用菌的合理布局防止和减轻黑粪蚊危害提供科学依据。在人工控制温度（25±0.5） ℃、黑暗、相对湿度（80±10）%条件下，人工接虫，系统饲养观察平菇、木耳、银耳3种食用菌对黑粪蚊生长发育、繁殖和磷酸酯酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶活力的影响。取食平菇的黑粪蚊全幼虫期的发育历期为10.4 d，显著短于取食木耳（14.8 d）和银耳（18.9 d）的幼虫；黑粪蚊取食平菇时，幼虫存活率、蛹质量和雌虫产卵量均最大，分别为61.15%，0.74 mg和145.15粒，其次为取食木耳，取食银耳的最低，分别为50.79%，0.48 mg和85.79粒。取食平菇的黑粪蚊成虫寿命（3.0 d）显著长于取食木耳（2.4 d），取食银耳的成虫寿命居中。取食不同种类食用菌，对黑粪蚊蛹发育历期、羽化率和雌性比率影响不显著。取食平菇的黑粪蚊种群趋势指数达31.37，明显高于取食木耳（16.62）和银耳（13.49）。幼虫取食不同种类食用菌，其酸性磷酸酯酶和碱性磷酸酯酶的活力由高到低依次均为银耳木耳平菇，乙酰胆碱酯酶的活力由高到低依次为平菇木耳银耳。不同种类食用菌对黑粪蚊的生长发育、存活繁殖、磷酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活力均有显著影响，其中平菇对黑粪蚊生长发育和繁殖最有利。

Английский. The growth development, reproduction and activity of acid phospholipase, alkaline phospholipase and acetylcho linesterase in Scatopse sp. on Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia auricula and Tremella fuciformis during larval stage were investigated to provide scientific basis for optimum layout of different fungi in improving the forecasting technique of population dynamics of Scatopse sp.. Investigation on effects of three different edible fungi, P. ostreatus, A. auricula and T. fuciformis, on the growth development, survival, reproduction, acid phospholipase, alkaline phospholipase and acetylcho linesterase of Scatopse sp. was performed under the controlled condition of T=(25±0.5) ℃, RH=(80±10)% and full darkness. Developmental periods of the whole larva stage of Scatopse sp. fed on P. ostreatus was 10.4 d, significantly shorter than those on A. auricula and T. fuciformis. Larva survival rate, weight per pupa, number of eggs took the highest values for Scatopse sp. fed on P. ostreatus, which were 61.15%, 0.74 mg and 145.15, respectively, the following on A. auricula, and the lowest on T. fuciformis with 50.79%, 0.48 mg and 85.79, respectively. Adult longevity of Scatopse sp. fed on P. ostreatus was 3.0 d, greatly longer than those on A. auricula, and those fed on T. fuciformis took the middle place. The effect of edible fungi on pupal development periods, emergence rate and percentage female of Scatopse sp. was not so obvious. Population trend index of Scatopse sp. fed on P. ostreatus was 31.37, much higher than that on A. auricula and T. fuciformis. The activity of ACP, ALP, and AchE inside Scatopse sp. was greatly affected by different kinds of edible fungi. And the activity of ACP and ALP was the highest for Scatopse sp. fed on T. fuciformis during larvae, then on A. auricula and the lowest on P. ostreatus. The activity of AchE was the highest for Scatopse sp. fed on P. ostreatus during larvae, then on A. auricula, the lowest on T. fuciformis. Developmental periods of larvae, reproduction ability of adults, and activity of enzymes inside Scatopse sp. were significantly affected by different kinds of edible fungi fed on by Scatopse sp. during larvae. And it could be seen that P. ostreatus is more favorable for Scatopse sp. than A. auricula and T. fuciformis._