Effect of different mixtures on anaerobic fermentation of dung and corn straw | 不同配比鸡粪、猪粪与玉米秆混合发酵的产气效果

Китайский. 研究鸡粪、猪粪与玉米秆不同配比对混合厌氧发酵产气效果的影响，为提高混合原料厌氧发酵产气效率提供依据。采用自行研究设计的可控性恒温厌氧发酵装置，在恒温35 ℃和料液总固体质量分数为8%的条件下，以常温厌氧发酵沼气池的发酵底物沼液为接种物，研究鸡粪、猪粪与玉米秆按4种不同配比（干物质质量比分别为3∶1, 2∶1, 1∶1, 1∶2）混合发酵对产气效果的影响。在35 ℃条件下，鸡粪与玉米秆、猪粪与玉米秆均以2∶1配比的产气效果最好，其中鸡粪与玉米秆混合的平均累积产气量最高，为13 493 mL，其次是猪粪与玉米秆，平均累积产气量为12 433 mL。通过模型预测，当鸡粪与玉米秆配比为1.81∶1、猪粪与玉米秆配比为1.86∶1时，可获得最大累积产气量，分别为17 000和15 246 mL。鸡粪、猪粪与玉米秆混合发酵的配比决定着沼气的产量与产气速率，而发酵周期的长短与配比无关。在鸡粪与玉米秸秆和猪粪与玉米秸秆配比均为2∶1时，沼气产量最大，产气速率峰值最大，产气效果最好。

Английский. The research studied the anaerobic fermentation effect from different mixtures of manure and corn straw to provide a scientific basis to improve the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation by mixed materials. A simulation experiment under the constant temperature 35 ℃ and the condition of 8% mass fraction of total solid was conducted in a self-manufactured anaerobic fermentation reactor, using chicken dung, pig manure with corn straw as fermentation materials, and the substrate of constant temperature fermentation pool as inoculation substance, and the effect of anaerobic fermentation by mixed fermentation in 4 different ratios (dry mass) was studied. Under the temperature of 35 ℃, the ratio of 2∶1 was the best ratio in the group of chicken dung with corn straw and pig manure with corn straw. The model predicted, the ratio of 1.81∶1 was the best ratio in the group of chicken dung with corn straw and the ratio of 1.86∶1 was the best ratio in the group of pig manure with corn stalks, the cumulative biogas yield was expected to reach the maximum 17 000 mL, 15 246 mL. In the two kinds of mixed materials, the average cumulative gas production of chicken dung with corn straw was 13 493 mL, and that of pig manure with corn straw was 12 433 mL. The study identified the ratio of chicken dung, pig manure with corn straw to be the determinant, and it decides the cumulative biogas yield and gas production rate, but has nothing to do with the ratio and fermentation period. The ratio of 2∶1 is the best ratio to produce maximum biogas yield.