Evolution and definition of agricultural machinery management organization model in China | 我国农机经营组织模式的演替与界定

Китайский. 分析我国农机经营组织模式的演替过程，对农机经营组织模式进行科学界定，为农机经营组织模式的区域适应性研究奠定理论基础。从文献和实地调研2方面入手，剖析我国农机经营组织模式的发展历程，分析现有农机经营组织模式的发展现状和存在问题，对我国农机经营组织模式进行科学界定，通过综合评价对各种组织模式的发展前景进行排序。我国农机经营组织模式的发展经历了3个阶段，与此相对应，可将我国的农机经营组织模式分为集体经营、个体经营、联合经营、合作社经营和企业经营5种模式。从组织化程度、经营管理水平、经营效益、服务水平等方面对5种经营组织模式的发展前景进行综合评价，结果表明5种模式发展前景从低到高依次为集体经营、个体经营、联合经营、合作社经营和企业经营。各地农机经营组织模式的演替进程不同，不同时期适宜发展的农机经营组织模式是动态变化的，因此各地应因时因地制宜，选择适宜的农机经营组织模式，以促进区域农机化更好、更快地发展。合作社经营组织模式和企业经营组织模式是未来农机经营组织模式的发展方向。

Английский. The study was done to analyze the succession process of China’s agricultural machinery management organization model, and to define it scientifically, to lay theoretical basis for the regional adaptability research of agricultural machinery management organization model. On the basis of literature research and field studies, we analyzed the history of China’s agricultural management organization model, development status and existing problems of the current agricultural management organization model, made a scientific definition for China’s agricultural management organization model, and obtained an order through comprehensive evaluation. So far, China’s agricultural management organization model has gone through three stages, correspondingly, it can be divided into 5 categories, namely, collective management, individual management, joint management, cooperative management and business management. From low to high with comprehensive evaluation of degree of organization, management level, operational efficiency, service levels and other aspects. The succession process of agricultural management organization model is various in different parts of China, and the suitable agricultural management organization model is dynamic and changing. Therefore, people should choose suitable agricultural management organization model according to local conditions, to promote regional agricultural mechanization. Cooperative management and business management organization model are the future direction of China’s agricultural machinery management organization model.