Effects of GA3 on the fruit sugar accumulation and related enzyme activities in sugar metabolism of grape | GA3对葡萄果实糖积累及蔗糖代谢酶的影响

Китайский. 研究GA3处理对葡萄果实发育过程中糖积累及代谢的影响。以3年生“红地球”葡萄（Vitis vinifera L. cv. Red Globe）为试材，用不同质量浓度（10，20和30 mg/L）的GA3在花前、花后2次喷施葡萄果穗，测定其对葡萄果实生长发育、糖积累规律及蔗糖代谢酶活性的影响。1）GA3处理增加了果实纵、横径，果形指数略有降低，单果质量、穗质量增大，可溶性固形物含量增加；2）葡萄以积累己糖为主，GA3处理提高了糖积累速率，尤其是果糖的积累速率，但并没有改变糖积累总的变化规律；3）果实发育前期酸性转化酶（AI）和中性转化酶（NI）活性增加，后期蔗糖合成酶（SS）活性增加，其中以20 mg/L GA3处理的效果最为显著。外源GA3处理可通过改变果实内部相关酶的活性，来参与葡萄糖积累及代谢的调控。

Английский. The effects of GA3 on the fruit sugar accumulation and sugar metabolism during the grape fruit development were discussed. Experiment was conducted with 3-year-old ‘Red globe’ grape trees, the effect of GA3 on the fruit development, sugar accumulation and related enzyme activities in sugar metabolism of grape were studied after spraying GA3 (10, 20 and 30 mg/L) on the fruit before blossoming and after blossoming. 1) Longitudinal diameter and traverse diameter of grape increased after treated by exogenous plant hormone, the fruit shape index decreased, the average fruit weight, the average fruit cluster and the soluble solid content of grape increased after treated by GA3. 2) The main sugar of grape is hexose, and the rate of sugar accumulation and the sugar content increased after treated by GA3, but the treatment didn’t change the total current of sugar accumulation. 3) At the early stage of grape development the activity of acid invertase and neutral invertase increased, while at the later stage of grape berries development, the activity of sucrose synthnase increased, with T2 (20 mg/L GA3) being most significant. It showed that the exogenous plant hormone may regulate grape sugar accumulation by changing the sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in sugar.