Analysis of forest landscape pattern and fragmentation of Qinling Caiziping forest region | 秦岭菜子坪林区森林景观格局及破碎化分析

Китайский. 研究秦岭菜子坪林区森林景观格局现状和破碎化特征，为研究区以及秦岭中段南坡森林资源管理、保护和合理开发利用提供科学依据。以菜子坪林区森林资源二类调查资料为基础，在ArcGIS和Fragstats软件支持下，对菜子坪林区森林景观格局基本特征进行分析，并以边界密度、平均分维数、平均最近邻距离和相似邻接比指数为评价指标，对其景观格局的破碎化程度进行分析。将研究区分为14个景观类型，共1 072个斑块，其中无林地斑块面积仅占总面积的3.04%，各景观类型的平均分维数均接近1.00。各森林景观类型的边界密度为：板栗林＞落叶松林＞华山松林＞软阔林＞油松林＞杨树林＞云杉林＞硬阔林＞铁杉林＞桦木林＞冷杉林＞刺槐林＞栎林；相似邻接比指数为：栎林＞刺槐林＞冷杉林＞桦木林＞铁杉林＞硬阔林＞杨树林＞云杉林＞油松林＞软阔林＞华山松林＞落叶松林＞板栗林；平均最近邻距离为：板栗林＞落叶松林＞桦木林＞刺槐林＞冷杉_林＞_铁杉林＞云杉林＞软阔林＞华山松林＞硬阔林＞油松林＞栎林。【结论】 菜子坪林区森林整体分布的连续性较好，景观类型斑块的边界褶皱程度较低。在各森林景观类型中，栎林的面积最大，破碎化程度最低；板栗林、落叶松林呈小面积零散分布，破碎化程度最高；其余各景观类型的边界密度、相似邻接比指数和平均最近邻距离差异均不明显，破碎化程度相似，均居于适中水平。

Английский. This paper carried research on forest landscape pattern and characteristic of fragmentation of Qinling Caiziping forest region, to provide scientific reference for management, protection and rational utilization of forest resources in research area and south slope of mid-Qinling Mountains. Based on the forest management investigation of Caiziping forest region, using the ArcGIS and Fragstats, we analyzed basic feature of landscape pattern, and the degree of fragmentation (Evaluating indicators was edge density, average of fractal dimension index, euclidean nearest-neighbor distance and proportion of like adjacency) of Caiziping forest region. The 1 072 patches in research area can be divided into 14 landscape types, non-stocked area takes up only 3.04% of total area, the average of fractal dimension index of every landscape types is close to 1.00, edge density of forest landscape types: Chinese chestnut forest＞larch tree forest＞Pinus arrnandii forest＞softwood broad-leaved forest＞Pinus tabulaeformis forest＞poplar forest＞Spruce forest＞hardwood forest＞hemlock forest＞birch forest＞fir forest＞Robinia pseudoacacia forest＞oakery; proportion of like adjacency: oakery＞Robinia pseudoacacia forest＞fir forest＞birch forest＞hemlock forest＞hardwood forest＞poplar forest＞Spruce forest＞Pinus tabulaeformis forest＞softwood broad-leaved forest＞Pinus arrnandii forest＞larch tree forest＞Chinese chestnut forest; the average of euclidean nearest-neighbor distance: Chinese chestnut forest＞larch tree forest＞birch forest＞Robinia pseudoacacia forest＞fir forest＞hemlock forest＞Spruce forest＞softwood broad-leaved forest＞Pinus arrnandii forest＞hardwood forest＞Pinus tabulaeformis forest＞oakery. The results showed that the distribution of whole forest in the Caiziping forest region is continuous and the degree of patch perimeter complexity in the landscape is low. In all types of forest landscape, the oakery has the largest area, and its degree of fragmentation is the lowest; the Chinese chestnut forest and the larch tree forest are dispersed among many small areas, which indicates the highest degree of fragmentation. The difference from the edge density, euclidean nearest-neighbor distance and proportion of like adjacency of other landscape types is not significant, and the degree of fragmentation of these landscape types is similar, which is in the medium range.