Life cycle assessment of two kinds of maize production mode in western liaoning――a case study in Jianping county of Liaoning | 辽西地区两种玉米生产方式的生命周期评价――以辽宁省建平县为例

Китайский. 应用生命周期评价方法,对辽宁西部地区建平县两种玉米生产方式进行生命周期资源消耗与污染物排放清单分析,在此基础上进行了生命周期评价。结果表明:水浇地玉米生命周期环境影响大小依次为:土壤毒素、富营养化、全球气候变暖、环境酸化和能源耗竭,环境影响指数分别为0.69,0.19,0.013,0.011,0.000023;坡耕地玉米生命周期环境影响大小依次是:富营养化、全球气候变暖、环境酸化、土壤毒素和能源耗竭,环境影响指数分别为0.087,0.0055,0.0046,0.00055和0.00015。土壤毒素和富营养化主要来源于高耗能的有机肥和化肥的施用。因此,完善水浇地水肥管理,提高玉米肥料和水分利用率,加强坡耕地生态建设,保持水土、提高土壤肥力是降低建平地区玉米生产生态负荷的关键。

Английский. Life cycle assessment methodology is used to establish inventory of resource use and emission and to assess life cycle environmental impacts of corn with two different management practices in Jianping County.The result showed that the life cycle environmental impacts in sequence of the half-shaded land corn is soil poisoneutrophicationglobal warningenvironment acidificationenergy depletion,with the impact indices of 0.69,0.19,0.013,0.011 and 0.000023 respectively.The sequence of life cycle environmental impacts in the sloping land corn is eutrophicationglobal warningEnvironment acidificationsoil poisonenergy depletion,with the impact indices of 0.087,0.0055,0.0046,0.00055 and 0.00015 respectively.The soil poison and eutrophication were mainly results due to using organic fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer.The key points to reduce ecological load are to improve water and fertilizer management of irrigable land,enhance efficiency of fertilizer and water with maize,strengthen ecological construction of sloping land,and keep soil and water to improve soil fertility.