Optimal protein levels required and their effects on larval antioxidation of apis mellifera ligustica spinola | 意大利蜜蜂生长发育适宜蛋白供给水平及其对幼虫抗氧化活性的影响

Китайский. 目的探究意大利蜜蜂生长发育的适宜蛋白供给水平及蛋白水平对幼虫抗氧化活性的影响。方法选用健康无病的本地意大利蜜蜂30群，随机分为6组（每组5个重复，每个重复1群蜂）进行对比试验。其中1组饲喂油菜花粉，为对照组；其它5组分别饲喂人工配制的蛋白水平为15%、20%、25%、30%和35%的试验日粮作为试验组。结果在试验期间，日粮蛋白水平对蜂群群势变化无显著影响（P＞0.05）；蜂卵孵化率和幼虫化蛹率均表现为蛋白水平35%组显著高于15%组（P＜0.05）；幼虫体蛋白含量以蛋白水平30%组最高，显著高于对照组、15%组和20%组（P＜0.05）；随日粮蛋白水平的升高，幼虫虫体总超氧化物歧化酶活性未表现出显著差异（P＞0.05），但虫体内丙二醛含量随之显著降低（P＜0.05）。结论日粮蛋白水平在15%―35%时，蜂群群势未受到显著的影响；日粮蛋白水平为30%―35%时，蜂卵孵化率、幼虫化蛹率和机体抗氧化活性达到最佳。

Английский. Objective The objective of this study is to research the effect of dietary crude protein levels on growth and larval antioxidation of Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola. Method Thirty cages of honey bees obtained from a local apiary were used in the study. Honey bees were randomly allocated into 6 groups (with 5 replications each and 1 cage in each replication). One of the groups was fed pure rape pollen only (control, group A) and others were fed the diets with crude protein levels at 15% (group B), 20% (group C), 25% (group D), 30% (group E) and 35% (group F), respectively.ResultDuring the trial period, there was no significant effect of dietary crude protein on the population of bee colony (P＞0.05). The hatchability and percentage of pupation of group F were significantly higher than those of group B (P＜0.05). The larval protein of group E was significantly higher than that of groups A, B and C (P＜0.05). With the dietary protein level increasing, there was no significant effect on T-SOD activities of larva (P＞0.05), while the content of MDA was decreased (P＜0.05). ConclusionThese results indicated that the population of colony did not differ significantly with the crude protein content in this experiment, and 30%-35% of dietary crude protein level was optimal to maintain the highest growth performance and antioxidant activities.