Effects of dietary synbiotics on intestinal microbial ecology in broiler chickens | 合生素对肉仔鸡肠道微生物区系的影响

Китайский. 目的研究合生素对肉仔鸡盲肠微生物区系的影响。方法选择1日龄肉仔鸡450只，随机分成5个日粮处理，分别为基础日粮、基础日粮+抗生素、基础日粮+益生素、基础日粮+益生元、基础日粮+合生素。每个处理3个重复，每个重复30只。在21和42日龄，每个重复选择4只屠宰，无菌采集盲肠内容物，提取细菌基因组总DNA，PCR扩增16s rDNA，用DGGE方法分析盲肠细菌群落结构的变化，用实时荧光定量PCR检测肠道中总菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和大肠杆菌数量。结果在21和42日龄，日粮添加合生素比单独应用益生素、益生元或抗生素提高了肉仔鸡的平均日增重和饲料转化率（P＜0.05），肉仔鸡盲肠DGGE条带数（菌群丰富程度）均高于对照组、抗生素组、益生素组、益生元组；基因测序分析发现肉仔鸡盲肠中特异条带主要是不可培养细菌。合生素能促进盲肠总菌数、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的增殖，抑制大肠杆菌数量。结论合生素对肉仔鸡促生长的效用与其对盲肠菌群的调控作用有关，且合生素的效果优于益生素、益生元或抗生素。

Английский. Objective This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotics on intestinal microbial flora ecology in broilers.MethodFour hundred and fifty 1-d-old Cobb 48 broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 5 dietary treatments, each treatment allocated to 3 replicates of 30 broilers. The dietary treatments were control, basal diets supplemented with antibiotics, basal diets supplemented with probiotics, basal diets supplemented with prebiotics, and basal diets supplemented with synbiotics. On day 21 and 42, four birds from each replicate were randomly selected and killed, cecal contents were aseptically collected, and the total genomic DNA was extracted, then the intestinal bacterial community was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of universal 16S rDNA after amplication with PCR, and the populations of total bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and E.coil were detected by real-time PCR. Result On day 21 and 42, the supplementation of synbiotics increased average daily gain and feed conversion ratio, compared with prebiotics, probiotics or antibiotics alone (P＜0.05), and the number of PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis bands of synbiotics-fed group was higher than those in the control, antibiotics, probiotics and prebiotics groups. Gene sequences analysis indicated that the specific bands were mainly uncultured bacteria in cecum of broilers. Dietary synbiotics increased the populations of total bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and E.coil.ConclusionThe effects of synbiotics on growth performance was consistent with that on intestinal microbial ecology, and the effects of synbiotics was better than probiotics, prebiotics or antibiotics alone.