Preparation of strategies for control and prevention of Leptospirosis in Iran.

Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases in the world and is caused by pathogenic spirochetes within the genus Leptospira. Leptospirosis occurs worldwide but is most common in temperate or tropical climates. It is an occupational hazard for many people who work outdoors or with animals, for example, farmers, sewer workers, veterinarians, fish workers, dairy farmers, or military personnel. During the last decade, vaccine against Leptospirosis in veterinary is produced by Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute. Despite vaccination against the disease, leptospirosis has been recognized as one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases in Iran. The information about the existing status of the disease in the country is lacking and we do not have an accurate estimate of disease burden in the country. All available evidence suggests that the disease is now emerging in Iran as an important public health problem. Therefore, the aim of this project is to provide the strategies for control and prevention of leptospirosis in Iran. A brainstorming meeting of experts from Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Pasteur Institute, National Veterinary Organization, Health ministry and universities was organized at Razi Institute to develop comprehensive strategies for prevention and control of leptospirosis. The technical and financial of meeting was supported by Razi institute. The meeting used the SWOT and BSC programs for preparing the strategies. Discussions were held on various issues related to prevention, control, treatment and diagnosis of Leptospirosis which included review of the current situation of leptospirosis in Iran, magnitude of the problem, epidemiology, transmission dynamics, recent changes in clinical presentations, issues in laboratory diagnosis and strategies for prevention and control. Deliberations were held on environmental management and animal surveillance strategies in prevention and control of leptospirosis. All available evidence suggests that the disease is now emerging in Iran and the prepared comprehensive strategies for prevention and control of the disease is essential. The continual revision of the prepared strategies is important for resolving the identified public health problems for improved prevention and control of leptospirosis.