A Survey on Health and Diseases Status of Hatcheries and Shrimp Farms in Iran.
2009
Afshar Nasab, Mohammad | Sharif Ruhani, Mostafa | Soltani, Mahdi | Khosravi, A`li Reza | Qoreyshi, A`li | Mokhayyar, Baba | Motallebi, A`bbas A`li | Ruhani Kargar | Mortezaei, Reza | Dashtiyan Nasab, Aqil | Qerevi, Behruz | A`bediyan Amiri, Armin | Ahangar Zadeh, Mina | Hushmand, Hossein | Kor, Niyaz Mohammad | Jorfi, Elham | Sabz A`li Zadeh, Sara | Mohammadi Dust, Mehrdad | Qaed Niya, Babak | Yeganeh, Vahid | Mir Bakhsh, Maryam | Faqih, Zahra | Gangvar, Mohammad Sa`id | Kesht Kar, I`sa | Rad Khah,Kuros | Kamali, I`sa | Tamaddoni, Sa`id | Sadeqi, Mohammad Reza | Aftab Savar, Yusef | Malakuti | Karim Zadeh, Ramin | Forughi Fard, Hojjat Ol-Lah | Katuk, Shahriyar | Bana Derakhshan, Reza | Afshariyan, Reza | Rushan Del, A`li Reza | Seyyed Musavi, A`li | Miyahi, Yaqub | Fallahi, Ruzbeh | Haq Panah, A`bd Ol-Lah | Ezhdeha Kosh, Ashkan | Key Khah, Farhad | Sharifi, Hassan | Farsi, Omid | Qavam Pur, A`li | Naseri, Fatemeh | Rafi`i Pur, A`li Reza | Tazikeh, Esmaeil
The present study was carried out to investigate the status of health and disease problem in shrimp hatcheries and growout farms and their impact in Iranian aquaculture. The main purpose of this study consist the identification of the etiology of disease infection in hatcheries and grow out farms, Identification of percentage of pathogenic factor in shrimp hatcheries and farm and detection the factors involving in better management practice. From 2005 to 2009 eleven hatcheries and twelve grow out farms distributed in the four provinces along the coast of Persian Gulf and Oman sea was studied. The studied showed the main infection and parasite factors in shrimp and hatcheries farm were viruses. Based on gross sign, histopathology and PCR, five viruses identified in the shrimp hatcheries and grow out farms. In Khouzestan and Bousher province the WSSV, IHHNV ,MBV and HPV was identified. In Hormozgan province the MBV and HPV and in Sistan and Belochestan province the WSSV was observed. The Vibrio family was the main bacterial infection in the hatcheries and grow out farm in the south provinces. The Fosarium, Moucr, Cladosporidium, Aspergilous ,Penicillium and Yeast was indented of the main fungus in the area. The Vorticella, Zoothamanium and Epistelis was identified as the main parasite in the area. The rate of infection in the provinces and grow out and hatcheries was from 0% to 100% in different farm and hatcheries. Based on the present study, the main problem in the hatcheries and grow out farm in Iran was the high stocking density in many farms, poor management practice, the lack of health program in the hatcheries and farms, lack of health program in feed production and lack of uniform standard in the preparation hatcheries and farms. Regarding the Iranian climate, the best methods for control the disease problem in Iranian shrimp aquaculture, are the used the semi intensive culture.
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