Study on the effects of different tillage method on physical properties of soil and wheat yield in legume - wheat rotation in dryland area.
2009
Rahim Zadeh, Reza | Heydari, Ahmad | Naraki, Faraj Ol-Lah | Luveymi, Na`im | Hydar Pur, Nosrat Ol-Lah | Gusheh, Mohyi Al-Din | A`ttarilar, Jalil | Khorsandi, Hadi
Regarding to the importance of having suitable tillage system for wheat production after legume cultivation, 5 different tillage methods were examined for 5 years (2004-08) at four sites Maragheh, Hamadan (cold area), Gachsaran and Bagmalek (warm area) with 4 replicates in randomized complete block design (RCBD). The five tillage treatments were T1= moldboard plow + roler, T2= chisel plow + roler, T3= ciclotiler, T4= sweep + roler and T5= no-tillage. Because of particular soil texture in Bagmalek, T3 modified to semi moldboard plow as well as disk harrow was removed form the all treatments. The studied characteristics were: percentage of germination (Ger %), plant height, number of spike per square meter (Sp/m2), number of seed in spike, biomass, harvest index (HI), thousand kernel weight (TKW) and grain yield. Furthermore, soil bulk density (BD), soil moisture at different growth stages, infiltration rate (IR), soil stability (MWD) and soil resistance (CI) were recorded in 4 depths (0-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 cm). The result of combin analysis In Maragheh and Hamadan showed that the treatments had no significants effects on grain yield but in soil propertis (BD, IR, MWD, CI) the treatments had significant differences. In Gachsaran and Baghmalek, the results of combined analysis showed that the treatments had significant effects on grain yield. T3 had maximum grain yield (3065 kg/ha in avrage) although, the differences were not significant compared with T1, T2 and T4. In Bagmalek T1 had maximum grain yield (2155 kg/ha in average) although, the differences were not significant compared with T4. Acording to result and advantages of different tillage methods It can be concluded T2 for Maragheh and Hamadan and T4 for Gachsaran and Bagmalek could be suggested.
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