Investigation on the Bio-ecology of Medfly, Ceratitis capitata Wied and its Natural Enemies in Mazandaran Provinceý
2011
Mafipashayee, ShabanAli, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center | Barari, Hassan | Nooralizadeh, Morteza | Keyhaneyan, Ali Akbar | Rajabi, Gholamreza
Meditrranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata is one of the most destructive pests of horticultural products in worldwide. The population dynamics, biology, host preference, percentage of demage, natural enemies and geographical distribution of Medfly was studied in fruit orchards of Mazandaran Province during 2007-2010. Investigation on the population fluctuation of pest revealed that the first specimens of adult Medfly was catched by baited traps from late of spring and continued until the end of autumn. The most important peaks of population were observed in August, September and October that coincide with colouring and harvesting time of Persimmon (Diospyros spp.) and Mandarin (Citrus reticulate and Citrus reticulate var. Japanica), respectively. Biological parameters of the pest were studied on the artificial diet and natural host, under the laboratory conditios (28 2 C, 70 5 %RH and 12L: 12D). Developmental period of egg, larva and pupa of Medfly on mentioned diets lasted 2.1 0.65 and 2.5 0.95 days, 7.5 0.65 and 10.4 2.5 days and 9.7 1.8 1nd 10.2 2.1 days, respectively. Medfly has 3-5 generartions annually and hibernates as pupa in the soil (1-2 cm depth). Results of field survey indicated that the most mean number of egg batch in each fruit and number of egg in each batch belonged to the ripened persimmon (5.9 3.28) and navel orange (24.62 14.26), respectively. No effective natural enemy was found on the Medfly in infested areas. Geographical distribution of pest by using several traps and attractan compounds shows that this insect occupied throughout the Mazandaran Province by the end of 2010.
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